基于深度图像的三维场景重建系统

针对计算机图形学和视觉领域研究热点--三维场景重建,首先分析了 Kinect v2 (Kinect for Windows v2 sensor)获取深度图像的原理,说明深度图像噪声的来源。然后根据获取 深度图像的原理设计一种算法对点云采样范围进行裁剪。其次对点云离群点进行去除,填补点 云孔洞,以提高重建质量。常见的三维场景重建大都采用了 KinectFusion 的一个全局立方体方 案,但只能对小范围内的场景进行重建。对此设计了一种对大场景进行点云匹配的 ICP 算法。 最后对点云进行曲面重建,实现一套低成本、精确的针对大场景的三维重建系统。     

桥墩局部冲刷动态模拟及不同截面的冲刷特性

为了获得桥墩局部冲刷随时间的演变过程,探讨不同截面桥墩的冲刷特性,采用计算流体动力学软件FLUENT的自定义函数功能和动网格更新技术,考虑湍流涡增强效应的床面剪应力和坡度影响的临界剪应力,得到床面的输沙率,通过输沙率与床面高程的变化关系实现床面地形随时间的动态变化,并利用泥沙坍塌的调整来克服床面坡度超过泥沙休止角造成的模拟失真及数值不稳定。结果表明:局部冲刷最大深度、冲坑形态及流场结构的模拟结果与试验结果较为吻合;在最大墩宽一致的情况下,流线形桥墩的冲坑深度比圆柱形桥墩降低约45%,比尖角形桥墩降低约40%,冲坑范围也有所下降。     

基于小波变换的昆虫刺吸电位（EPG）信号去噪研究

昆虫刺吸电位(EPG)信号为研究刺吸式昆虫取食和传毒机理提供了有力的依据,然而EPG信号在采集过程中易受各种噪声的干扰,可利用小波变换将其去除.本文采用小波阈值去噪法,通过实验对比选择不同的小波基函数及阈值,以均方根误差和信噪比为评价指标,确定了coif4小波6层分解,在Stein无偏风险估计准则下,改进阈值量化为最佳去噪方案;实验结果表明,该小波阈值去噪方法可以有效地去除不同干扰.本文研究的基于小波变换的EPG信号去噪为后续分析识别提供了保证.     

A comparative evaluation of foreground/background sketch-based mesh segmentation algorithms

This paper presents an extensive comparative evaluation of five popular foreground/background sketch-based interactive mesh segmentation algorithms, addressing the quantitative assessment of the accuracy, efficiency, and stability of each algorithm. To facilitate the comparison, we have developed a complete framework with an intuitive and simple sketch-based interface to enable interactive mesh segmentation by marking strokes to specify the foreground and background with the mouse buttons, allowing us to quantify the algorithms in a unified manner. The evaluation has been performed via extensive user experiments in which each participant was assigned to segment models with the evaluated algorithms and the corresponding update of each segmentation was recorded as a new refinement when additional interactions were added. We then collected the segmentations from participants and evaluated them against the ground-truth corpus constructed from the Princeton segmentation database. To investigate how well the interactive segmentations match the ground-truth, five metrics were used to measure the boundary and region accuracy of segmentations. By studying the experimental results, we have analyzed the performance of the evaluated algorithms and provided valuable insights into their characteristics.     

Facial hexahedral mesh transferring by volumetric mapping based on harmonic fields

Hexahedral mesh has obvious mechanical advantages over tetrahedral mesh, but it is no trivial task to generate hexahedral mesh for complex object shapes such as individual faces. This paper presents a novel method to generate patient-specific hexahedral meshes of facial soft tissue models, based on a volumetric cross-parameterization mapping from a standard hexahedral mesh to the individual model. The volumetric parameterization is constructed based on triple of the volumetric harmonic fields, which are adapted to be as close to mutually orthogonal as possible, to achieve some quasi-conformal effect. In addition, some piecewise constraints on the harmonic fields are added to ensure anatomical feature correspondence. Experimental results show that our approach works efficiently for facial soft tissue modeling, avoids element flipping and preserves mesh element angles to a significant extent.     

Template-based quadrilateral meshing

Generating quadrilateral meshes is a highly non-trivial task, as design decisions are frequently driven by specific application demands. Automatic techniques can optimize objective quality metrics, such as mesh regularity, orthogonality, alignment and adaptivity; however, they cannot make subjective design decisions. There are a few quad meshing approaches that offer some mechanisms to include the user in the mesh generation process; however, these techniques either require a large amount of user interaction or do not provide necessary or easy to use inputs. Here, we propose a template-based approach for generating quad-only meshes from triangle surfaces. Our approach offers a flexible mechanism to allow external input, through the definition of alignment features that are respected during the mesh generation process. While allowing user inputs to support subjective design decisions, our approach also takes into account objective quality metrics to produce semi-regular, quad-only meshes that align well to desired surface features.     

Route Maintenance in IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks

In this paper, we propose a novel Route Maintenance scheme for IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks. Despite lack of mobility and energy constraints, reactive routing protocols such as AODV and DSR suffer from frequent route breakages in 802.11 based infrastructure wireless mesh networks. In these networks, if any intermediate node fails to successfully transmit a packet to the next hop node after a certain number of retransmissions, the link layer reports a transmission problem to the network layer. Reactive routing protocols systematically consider this as a link breakage (and therefore a route breakage). Transmission failures can be caused by a number of factors e.g. interference or noise and can be transient in nature. Frequent route breakages result in significant performance degradation. The proposed mechanism considers multiple factors to differentiate between links with transient transmission problems from those links which have permanent transmission problems and takes a coherent decision on link breakage. The proposed mechanism is implemented in AODV for single-radio single-channel mesh network and an extension is incorporated in multi-radio multi-channel scenarios. Simulation results show substantial performance improvement compared to classical AODV and local route repair schemes.     

Freestyle: Sculpting meshes with self-adaptive topology

We present a real-time method for sculpting triangular manifold meshes while enabling arbitrary surface deformation with seamless topological changes. Our insight is that the use of quasi-uniform mesh sampling, an interesting option now that very large meshes can be edited and displayed in real-time, provides the right framework for expressing and efficiently processing arbitrary changes of topological genus. The user controls deformation by gesture: he sweeps tools that apply a variety of deformation fields, from smoothing and trimming ones to local inflation and constant volume deformation tools. Meanwhile, the quasi-regular mesh seamlessly splits or locally blends when and where needed, while still following the user-specified deformation. Our method guarantees a closed, self-intersection-free mesh, whatever the user action. We demonstrate the practical usability of the resulting, interactive sculpting system through the sculpture of models that would have been extremely difficult to achieve with both current research methods and state of the art professional software.     

Complexity and design of QoS routing algorithms in wireless mesh networks

Quality of service (QoS) provisioning in wireless mesh networks (WMNs) is an open issue to support emerging multimedia services. In this paper, we study the problem of QoS provisioning in terms of end-to-end bandwidth allocation in WMNs. It is challenging due to interferences in the networks. We consider widely used interference models and show that except a few special cases, the problem of finding a feasible path is NP-complete under the models. We propose a k-shortest path based algorithmic framework to solve this problem. We also consider the problem of optimizing network performance by on-line dynamic routing, and adapt commonly used conventional QoS routing metrics to be used in WMNs. We find the optimal solutions for these problems through formulating them as optimization models. A model is developed to check the existence of a feasible path and another to find the optimal path for a demand; moreover, an on-line optimal QoS routing algorithm is developed. Comparing the algorithms implemented by the proposed framework with the optimization models shows that our solution can find existing feasible paths with high probability, efficiently optimizes path lengths, and has a comparable performance to the optimal QoS routing algorithm. Furthermore, our results show that contrary to wireline networks, minimizing resource consumption should be preferred over load distribution even in lightly loaded WMNs.     

Survivable millimeter-wave mesh networks

Millimeter-wave mesh networks have the potential to provide cost-effective high-bandwidth solutions to many current bandwidth-constrained networks including cellular backhaul. However, the availability of such networks is severely limited due to their susceptibility to weather, such as precipitation and humidity. In this paper, we present a rigorous approach to survivable millimeter-wave mesh networks based on experimentation, modeling, and simulation. Individual link performance is characterised using frame error-rate measurements from millimeter-wave transmissions on test links over a period of one year. A geometric model based on radar-reflectivity data is used to characterise rain storms and determine their impact on spatially correlated links of a mesh network. To mitigate the impact of link impairments on network services, we present two cross-layered routing protocols to route around the failures: P-WARP (predictive weather-assisted routing protocol) and XL-OSPF (cross-layered open shortest-path first). We conduct a performance analysis of the proposed mesh network under the presence of actual weather events as recorded by the US National Weather Service. Results show that the proposed approach yields the highest dependability when compared against existing routing methods.